Linq中的操作符的相等比较都使用IEqualityComparer作为判断依据,常见的使用该接口的操作符有:
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| Distinct<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, IEqualityComparer<TSource>)
Contains<TSource>(IEnumerable<TSource>, TSource, IEqualityComparer<TSource>)
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使用该接口固然可以进行自定义的相等比较,但若对同一类型要做多种相等比较则需要继承实现IEqualityComparer接口的多个子类型,这对于像我这样懒惰的程序员是很难接受的。
如果有一个Person类定义如下:
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| class Person
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public int Age { get; set; }
}
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而有一个Person[]数组名为people,在代码中我希望这样使用Linq查询:
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| var age = people.Distinct((x, y) => x.Age == y.Age);
var nameandage = people.Distinct((x, y) => (x.Age == y.Age) && (x.Name==y.Name))
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利用委托实现自定义的相等操作,不论是灵活性还是可读性都要好得多,下面我就要为了写成这样的代码而做做工作了。
首先,要定义一个泛型类去实现IEqualityComparer接口,此外,对该类的要求是要能接受委托比较器,下面即是实现的代码:
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| public static class MyLinqOperandExtensions
{
private class DelegateComparer<T> : IEqualityComparer<T>
{
private readonly Func<T, T, bool> comparator;
public DelegateComparer(Func<T, T, bool> comparator)
{
this.comparator = comparator;
}
public bool Equals(T x, T y)
{
return comparator(x, y);
}
public int GetHashCode(T obj)
{
return 1;
}
}
}
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然后,就是需要一个自定义的Distinct操作符,为了和.NET的操作符区分开来,我是用MyDistinct作为新名称:
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| public static class MyLinqOperandExtensions
{
public static IEnumerable<T> MyDistinct<T>(this IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, T, bool> comparator)
{
if (source == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("source");
if (comparator == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("comparator");
return source.Distinct(new DelegateComparer<T>(comparator));
}
}
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现在,我们就可以使用委托来使用Distinct操作了,如下示例:
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| Person[] people = new Person[] {
new Person{Name="Jack",Age=12 },
new Person{Name="Linq",Age=22 },
new Person{Name="Tom",Age=22 },
new Person{Name="Tom",Age=12 },
new Person{Name="Jack",Age=22 }
};
var name = people.MyDistinct((x, y) => x.Name == y.Name);
foreach (var n in name)
Console.WriteLine("{0} {1}", n.Name, n.Age);
Console.WriteLine("----------------------");
var age = people.MyDistinct((x, y) => x.Age == y.Age);
foreach (var n in age)
Console.WriteLine("{0} {1}", n.Name, n.Age);
Console.WriteLine("----------------------");
var nameandage = people.MyDistinct((x, y) => (x.Age == y.Age) && (x.Name==y.Name));
foreach (var n in nameandage)
Console.WriteLine("{0} {1}", n.Name, n.Age);
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